# Source code for mopidy.audio.actor

    from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

    import logging
    import os

    import gobject

    import pygst
    pygst.require('0.10')
    import gst  # noqa
    import gst.pbutils  # noqa

    import pykka

    from mopidy import exceptions
    from mopidy.audio import icy, utils
    from mopidy.audio.constants import PlaybackState
    from mopidy.audio.listener import AudioListener
    from mopidy.internal import deprecation, process

    logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

    # This logger is only meant for debug logging of low level gstreamer info such
    # as callbacks, event, messages and direct interaction with GStreamer such as
    # set_state on a pipeline.
    gst_logger = logging.getLogger('mopidy.audio.gst')

    icy.register()

    _GST_STATE_MAPPING = {
        gst.STATE_PLAYING: PlaybackState.PLAYING,
        gst.STATE_PAUSED: PlaybackState.PAUSED,
        gst.STATE_NULL: PlaybackState.STOPPED}

    class _Signals(object):

        """Helper for tracking gobject signal registrations"""

        def __init__(self):
            self._ids = {}

        def connect(self, element, event, func, *args):
            """Connect a function + args to signal event on an element.

            Each event may only be handled by one callback in this implementation.
            """
            assert (element, event) not in self._ids
            self._ids[(element, event)] = element.connect(event, func, *args)

        def disconnect(self, element, event):
            """Disconnect whatever handler we have for and element+event pair.

            Does nothing it the handler has already been removed.
            """
            signal_id = self._ids.pop((element, event), None)
            if signal_id is not None:
                element.disconnect(signal_id)

        def clear(self):
            """Clear all registered signal handlers."""
            for element, event in self._ids.keys():
                element.disconnect(self._ids.pop((element, event)))

    # TODO: expose this as a property on audio?
    class _Appsrc(object):

        """Helper class for dealing with appsrc based playback."""

        def __init__(self):
            self._signals = _Signals()
            self.reset()

        def reset(self):
            """Reset the helper.

            Should be called whenever the source changes and we are not setting up
            a new appsrc.
            """
            self.prepare(None, None, None, None)

        def prepare(self, caps, need_data, enough_data, seek_data):
            """Store info we will need when the appsrc element gets installed."""
            self._signals.clear()
            self._source = None
            self._caps = caps
            self._need_data_callback = need_data
            self._seek_data_callback = seek_data
            self._enough_data_callback = enough_data

        def configure(self, source):
            """Configure the supplied source for use.

            Should be called whenever we get a new appsrc.
            """
            source.set_property('caps', self._caps)
            source.set_property('format', b'time')
            source.set_property('stream-type', b'seekable')
            source.set_property('max-bytes', 1 << 20)  # 1MB
            source.set_property('min-percent', 50)

            if self._need_data_callback:
                self._signals.connect(source, 'need-data', self._on_signal,
                                      self._need_data_callback)
            if self._seek_data_callback:
                self._signals.connect(source, 'seek-data', self._on_signal,
                                      self._seek_data_callback)
            if self._enough_data_callback:
                self._signals.connect(source, 'enough-data', self._on_signal, None,
                                      self._enough_data_callback)

            self._source = source

        def push(self, buffer_):
            if self._source is None:
                return False

            if buffer_ is None:
                gst_logger.debug('Sending appsrc end-of-stream event.')
                return self._source.emit('end-of-stream') == gst.FLOW_OK
            else:
                return self._source.emit('push-buffer', buffer_) == gst.FLOW_OK

        def _on_signal(self, element, clocktime, func):
            # This shim is used to ensure we always return true, and also handles
            # that not all the callbacks have a time argument.
            if clocktime is None:
                func()
            else:
                func(utils.clocktime_to_millisecond(clocktime))
            return True

    # TODO: expose this as a property on audio when #790 gets further along.
    class _Outputs(gst.Bin):

        def __init__(self):
            gst.Bin.__init__(self, 'outputs')

            self._tee = gst.element_factory_make('tee')
            self.add(self._tee)

            ghost_pad = gst.GhostPad('sink', self._tee.get_pad('sink'))
            self.add_pad(ghost_pad)

            # Add an always connected fakesink which respects the clock so the tee
            # doesn't fail even if we don't have any outputs.
            fakesink = gst.element_factory_make('fakesink')
            fakesink.set_property('sync', True)
            self._add(fakesink)

        def add_output(self, description):
            # XXX This only works for pipelines not in use until #790 gets done.
            try:
                output = gst.parse_bin_from_description(
                    description, ghost_unconnected_pads=True)
            except gobject.GError as ex:
                logger.error(
                    'Failed to create audio output "%s": %s', description, ex)
                raise exceptions.AudioException(bytes(ex))

            self._add(output)
            logger.info('Audio output set to "%s"', description)

        def _add(self, element):
            queue = gst.element_factory_make('queue')
            self.add(element)
            self.add(queue)
            queue.link(element)
            self._tee.link(queue)

    class SoftwareMixer(object):
        pykka_traversable = True

        def __init__(self, mixer):
            self._mixer = mixer
            self._element = None
            self._last_volume = None
            self._last_mute = None
            self._signals = _Signals()

        def setup(self, element, mixer_ref):
            self._element = element
            self._mixer.setup(mixer_ref)

        def teardown(self):
            self._signals.clear()
            self._mixer.teardown()

        def get_volume(self):
            return int(round(self._element.get_property('volume') * 100))

        def set_volume(self, volume):
            self._element.set_property('volume', volume / 100.0)
            self._mixer.trigger_volume_changed(self.get_volume())

        def get_mute(self):
            return self._element.get_property('mute')

        def set_mute(self, mute):
            self._element.set_property('mute', bool(mute))
            self._mixer.trigger_mute_changed(self.get_mute())

    class _Handler(object):

        def __init__(self, audio):
            self._audio = audio
            self._element = None
            self._pad = None
            self._message_handler_id = None
            self._event_handler_id = None

        def setup_message_handling(self, element):
            self._element = element
            bus = element.get_bus()
            bus.add_signal_watch()
            self._message_handler_id = bus.connect('message', self.on_message)

        def setup_event_handling(self, pad):
            self._pad = pad
            self._event_handler_id = pad.add_event_probe(self.on_event)

        def teardown_message_handling(self):
            bus = self._element.get_bus()
            bus.remove_signal_watch()
            bus.disconnect(self._message_handler_id)
            self._message_handler_id = None

        def teardown_event_handling(self):
            self._pad.remove_event_probe(self._event_handler_id)
            self._event_handler_id = None

        def on_message(self, bus, msg):
            if msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGED and msg.src == self._element:
                self.on_playbin_state_changed(*msg.parse_state_changed())
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_BUFFERING:
                self.on_buffering(msg.parse_buffering(), msg.structure)
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_EOS:
                self.on_end_of_stream()
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_ERROR:
                self.on_error(*msg.parse_error())
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_WARNING:
                self.on_warning(*msg.parse_warning())
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_ASYNC_DONE:
                self.on_async_done()
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_TAG:
                self.on_tag(msg.parse_tag())
            elif msg.type == gst.MESSAGE_ELEMENT:
                if gst.pbutils.is_missing_plugin_message(msg):
                    self.on_missing_plugin(msg)

        def on_event(self, pad, event):
            if event.type == gst.EVENT_NEWSEGMENT:
                self.on_new_segment(*event.parse_new_segment())
            elif event.type == gst.EVENT_SINK_MESSAGE:
                # Handle stream changed messages when they reach our output bin.
                # If we listen for it on the bus we get one per tee branch.
                msg = event.parse_sink_message()
                if msg.structure.has_name('playbin2-stream-changed'):
                    self.on_stream_changed(msg.structure['uri'])
            return True

        def on_playbin_state_changed(self, old_state, new_state, pending_state):
            gst_logger.debug('Got state-changed message: old=%s new=%s pending=%s',
                             old_state.value_name, new_state.value_name,
                             pending_state.value_name)

            if new_state == gst.STATE_READY and pending_state == gst.STATE_NULL:
                # XXX: We're not called on the last state change when going down to
                # NULL, so we rewrite the second to last call to get the expected
                # behavior.
                new_state = gst.STATE_NULL
                pending_state = gst.STATE_VOID_PENDING

            if pending_state != gst.STATE_VOID_PENDING:
                return  # Ignore intermediate state changes

            if new_state == gst.STATE_READY:
                return  # Ignore READY state as it's GStreamer specific

            new_state = _GST_STATE_MAPPING[new_state]
            old_state, self._audio.state = self._audio.state, new_state

            target_state = _GST_STATE_MAPPING[self._audio._target_state]
            if target_state == new_state:
                target_state = None

            logger.debug('Audio event: state_changed(old_state=%s, new_state=%s, '
                         'target_state=%s)', old_state, new_state, target_state)
            AudioListener.send('state_changed', old_state=old_state,
                               new_state=new_state, target_state=target_state)
            if new_state == PlaybackState.STOPPED:
                logger.debug('Audio event: stream_changed(uri=None)')
                AudioListener.send('stream_changed', uri=None)

            if 'GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR' in os.environ:
                gst.DEBUG_BIN_TO_DOT_FILE(
                    self._audio._playbin, gst.DEBUG_GRAPH_SHOW_ALL, 'mopidy')

        def on_buffering(self, percent, structure=None):
            if structure and structure.has_field('buffering-mode'):
                if structure['buffering-mode'] == gst.BUFFERING_LIVE:
                    return  # Live sources stall in paused.

            level = logging.getLevelName('TRACE')
            if percent < 10 and not self._audio._buffering:
                self._audio._playbin.set_state(gst.STATE_PAUSED)
                self._audio._buffering = True
                level = logging.DEBUG
            if percent == 100:
                self._audio._buffering = False
                if self._audio._target_state == gst.STATE_PLAYING:
                    self._audio._playbin.set_state(gst.STATE_PLAYING)
                level = logging.DEBUG

            gst_logger.log(level, 'Got buffering message: percent=%d%%', percent)

        def on_end_of_stream(self):
            gst_logger.debug('Got end-of-stream message.')
            logger.debug('Audio event: reached_end_of_stream()')
            self._audio._tags = {}
            AudioListener.send('reached_end_of_stream')

        def on_error(self, error, debug):
            gst_logger.error(str(error).decode('utf-8'))
            if debug:
                gst_logger.debug(debug.decode('utf-8'))
            # TODO: is this needed?
            self._audio.stop_playback()

        def on_warning(self, error, debug):
            gst_logger.warning(str(error).decode('utf-8'))
            if debug:
                gst_logger.debug(debug.decode('utf-8'))

        def on_async_done(self):
            gst_logger.debug('Got async-done.')

        def on_tag(self, taglist):
            tags = utils.convert_taglist(taglist)
            self._audio._tags.update(tags)
            logger.debug('Audio event: tags_changed(tags=%r)', tags.keys())
            AudioListener.send('tags_changed', tags=tags.keys())

        def on_missing_plugin(self, msg):
            desc = gst.pbutils.missing_plugin_message_get_description(msg)
            debug = gst.pbutils.missing_plugin_message_get_installer_detail(msg)

            gst_logger.debug('Got missing-plugin message: description:%s', desc)
            logger.warning('Could not find a %s to handle media.', desc)
            if gst.pbutils.install_plugins_supported():
                logger.info('You might be able to fix this by running: '
                            'gst-installer "%s"', debug)
            # TODO: store the missing plugins installer info in a file so we can
            # can provide a 'mopidy install-missing-plugins' if the system has the
            # required helper installed?

        def on_new_segment(self, update, rate, format_, start, stop, position):
            gst_logger.debug('Got new-segment event: update=%s rate=%s format=%s '
                             'start=%s stop=%s position=%s', update, rate,
                             format_.value_name, start, stop, position)
            position_ms = position // gst.MSECOND
            logger.debug('Audio event: position_changed(position=%s)', position_ms)
            AudioListener.send('position_changed', position=position_ms)

        def on_stream_changed(self, uri):
            gst_logger.debug('Got stream-changed message: uri=%s', uri)
            logger.debug('Audio event: stream_changed(uri=%s)', uri)
            AudioListener.send('stream_changed', uri=uri)

    # TODO: create a player class which replaces the actors internals
    class Audio(pykka.ThreadingActor):

        """
        Audio output through `GStreamer <http://gstreamer.freedesktop.org/>`_.
        """

        #: The GStreamer state mapped to :class:`mopidy.audio.PlaybackState`
        state = PlaybackState.STOPPED

        #: The software mixing interface :class:`mopidy.audio.actor.SoftwareMixer`
        mixer = None

        def __init__(self, config, mixer):
            super(Audio, self).__init__()

            self._config = config
            self._target_state = gst.STATE_NULL
            self._buffering = False
            self._tags = {}

            self._playbin = None
            self._outputs = None
            self._about_to_finish_callback = None

            self._handler = _Handler(self)
            self._appsrc = _Appsrc()
            self._signals = _Signals()

            if mixer and self._config['audio']['mixer'] == 'software':
                self.mixer = SoftwareMixer(mixer)

        def on_start(self):
            try:
                self._setup_preferences()
                self._setup_playbin()
                self._setup_outputs()
                self._setup_audio_sink()
            except gobject.GError as ex:
                logger.exception(ex)
                process.exit_process()

        def on_stop(self):
            self._teardown_mixer()
            self._teardown_playbin()

        def _setup_preferences(self):
            # TODO: move out of audio actor?
            # Fix for https://github.com/mopidy/mopidy/issues/604
            registry = gst.registry_get_default()
            jacksink = registry.find_feature(
                'jackaudiosink', gst.TYPE_ELEMENT_FACTORY)
            if jacksink:
                jacksink.set_rank(gst.RANK_SECONDARY)

        def _setup_playbin(self):
            playbin = gst.element_factory_make('playbin2')
            playbin.set_property('flags', 2)  # GST_PLAY_FLAG_AUDIO

            # TODO: turn into config values...
            playbin.set_property('buffer-size', 5 << 20)  # 5MB
            playbin.set_property('buffer-duration', 5 * gst.SECOND)

            self._signals.connect(playbin, 'source-setup', self._on_source_setup)
            self._signals.connect(playbin, 'about-to-finish',
                                  self._on_about_to_finish)

            self._playbin = playbin
            self._handler.setup_message_handling(playbin)

        def _teardown_playbin(self):
            self._handler.teardown_message_handling()
            self._handler.teardown_event_handling()
            self._signals.disconnect(self._playbin, 'about-to-finish')
            self._signals.disconnect(self._playbin, 'source-setup')
            self._playbin.set_state(gst.STATE_NULL)

        def _setup_outputs(self):
            # We don't want to use outputs for regular testing, so just install
            # an unsynced fakesink when someone asks for a 'testoutput'.
            if self._config['audio']['output'] == 'testoutput':
                self._outputs = gst.element_factory_make('fakesink')
            else:
                self._outputs = _Outputs()
                try:
                    self._outputs.add_output(self._config['audio']['output'])
                except exceptions.AudioException:
                    process.exit_process()  # TODO: move this up the chain

            self._handler.setup_event_handling(self._outputs.get_pad('sink'))

        def _setup_audio_sink(self):
            audio_sink = gst.Bin('audio-sink')

            # Queue element to buy us time between the about to finish event and
            # the actual switch, i.e. about to switch can block for longer thanks
            # to this queue.
            # TODO: make the min-max values a setting?
            queue = gst.element_factory_make('queue')
            queue.set_property('max-size-buffers', 0)
            queue.set_property('max-size-bytes', 0)
            queue.set_property('max-size-time', 3 * gst.SECOND)
            queue.set_property('min-threshold-time', 1 * gst.SECOND)

            audio_sink.add(queue)
            audio_sink.add(self._outputs)

            if self.mixer:
                volume = gst.element_factory_make('volume')
                audio_sink.add(volume)
                queue.link(volume)
                volume.link(self._outputs)
                self.mixer.setup(volume, self.actor_ref.proxy().mixer)
            else:
                queue.link(self._outputs)

            ghost_pad = gst.GhostPad('sink', queue.get_pad('sink'))
            audio_sink.add_pad(ghost_pad)

            self._playbin.set_property('audio-sink', audio_sink)

        def _teardown_mixer(self):
            if self.mixer:
                self.mixer.teardown()

        def _on_about_to_finish(self, element):
            gst_logger.debug('Got about-to-finish event.')
            if self._about_to_finish_callback:
                logger.debug('Running about to finish callback.')
                self._about_to_finish_callback()

        def _on_source_setup(self, element, source):
            gst_logger.debug('Got source-setup: element=%s', source)

            if source.get_factory().get_name() == 'appsrc':
                self._appsrc.configure(source)
            else:
                self._appsrc.reset()

            utils.setup_proxy(source, self._config['proxy'])

        def set_uri(self, uri):
            """
            Set URI of audio to be played.

            You *MUST* call :meth:`prepare_change` before calling this method.

            :param uri: the URI to play
            :type uri: string
            """

            # XXX: Hack to workaround issue on Mac OS X where volume level
            # does not persist between track changes. mopidy/mopidy#886
            if self.mixer is not None:
                current_volume = self.mixer.get_volume()
            else:
                current_volume = None

            self._tags = {}  # TODO: add test for this somehow
            self._playbin.set_property('uri', uri)

            if self.mixer is not None and current_volume is not None:
                self.mixer.set_volume(current_volume)

        def set_appsrc(
                self, caps, need_data=None, enough_data=None, seek_data=None):
            """
            Switch to using appsrc for getting audio to be played.

            You *MUST* call :meth:`prepare_change` before calling this method.

            :param caps: GStreamer caps string describing the audio format to
                expect
            :type caps: string
            :param need_data: callback for when appsrc needs data
            :type need_data: callable which takes data length hint in ms
            :param enough_data: callback for when appsrc has enough data
            :type enough_data: callable
            :param seek_data: callback for when data from a new position is needed
                to continue playback
            :type seek_data: callable which takes time position in ms
            """
            self._appsrc.prepare(
                gst.Caps(bytes(caps)), need_data, enough_data, seek_data)
            self._playbin.set_property('uri', 'appsrc://')

        def emit_data(self, buffer_):
            """
            Call this to deliver raw audio data to be played.

            If the buffer is :class:`None`, the end-of-stream token is put on the
            playbin. We will get a GStreamer message when the stream playback
            reaches the token, and can then do any end-of-stream related tasks.

            Note that the URI must be set to ``appsrc://`` for this to work.

            Returns :class:`True` if data was delivered.

            :param buffer_: buffer to pass to appsrc
            :type buffer_: :class:`gst.Buffer` or :class:`None`
            :rtype: boolean
            """
            return self._appsrc.push(buffer_)

        def emit_end_of_stream(self):
            """
            Put an end-of-stream token on the playbin. This is typically used in
            combination with :meth:`emit_data`.

            We will get a GStreamer message when the stream playback reaches the
            token, and can then do any end-of-stream related tasks.

            .. deprecated:: 1.0
                Use :meth:`emit_data` with a :class:`None` buffer instead.
            """
            deprecation.warn('audio.emit_end_of_stream')
            self._appsrc.push(None)

        def set_about_to_finish_callback(self, callback):
            """
            Configure audio to use an about-to-finish callback.

            This should be used to achieve gapless playback. For this to work the
            callback *MUST* call :meth:`set_uri` with the new URI to play and
            block until this call has been made. :meth:`prepare_change` is not
            needed before :meth:`set_uri` in this one special case.

            :param callable callback: Callback to run when we need the next URI.
            """
            self._about_to_finish_callback = callback

        def get_position(self):
            """
            Get position in milliseconds.

            :rtype: int
            """
            try:
                gst_position = self._playbin.query_position(gst.FORMAT_TIME)[0]
                return utils.clocktime_to_millisecond(gst_position)
            except gst.QueryError:
                # TODO: take state into account for this and possibly also return
                # None as the unknown value instead of zero?
                logger.debug('Position query failed')
                return 0

        def set_position(self, position):
            """
            Set position in milliseconds.

            :param position: the position in milliseconds
            :type position: int
            :rtype: :class:`True` if successful, else :class:`False`
            """
            # TODO: double check seek flags in use.
            gst_position = utils.millisecond_to_clocktime(position)
            result = self._playbin.seek_simple(
                gst.Format(gst.FORMAT_TIME), gst.SEEK_FLAG_FLUSH, gst_position)
            gst_logger.debug('Sent flushing seek: position=%s', gst_position)
            return result

        def start_playback(self):
            """
            Notify GStreamer that it should start playback.

            :rtype: :class:`True` if successfull, else :class:`False`
            """
            return self._set_state(gst.STATE_PLAYING)

        def pause_playback(self):
            """
            Notify GStreamer that it should pause playback.

            :rtype: :class:`True` if successfull, else :class:`False`
            """
            return self._set_state(gst.STATE_PAUSED)

        def prepare_change(self):
            """
            Notify GStreamer that we are about to change state of playback.

            This function *MUST* be called before changing URIs or doing
            changes like updating data that is being pushed. The reason for this
            is that GStreamer will reset all its state when it changes to
            :attr:`gst.STATE_READY`.
            """
            return self._set_state(gst.STATE_READY)

        def stop_playback(self):
            """
            Notify GStreamer that is should stop playback.

            :rtype: :class:`True` if successfull, else :class:`False`
            """
            self._buffering = False
            return self._set_state(gst.STATE_NULL)

        def wait_for_state_change(self):
            """Block until any pending state changes are complete.

            Should only be used by tests.
            """
            self._playbin.get_state()

        def enable_sync_handler(self):
            """Enable manual processing of messages from bus.

            Should only be used by tests.
            """
            def sync_handler(bus, message):
                self._handler.on_message(bus, message)
                return gst.BUS_DROP

            bus = self._playbin.get_bus()
            bus.set_sync_handler(sync_handler)

        def _set_state(self, state):
            """
            Internal method for setting the raw GStreamer state.

            .. digraph:: gst_state_transitions

                graph [rankdir="LR"];
                node [fontsize=10];

                "NULL" -> "READY"
                "PAUSED" -> "PLAYING"
                "PAUSED" -> "READY"
                "PLAYING" -> "PAUSED"
                "READY" -> "NULL"
                "READY" -> "PAUSED"

            :param state: State to set playbin to. One of: `gst.STATE_NULL`,
                `gst.STATE_READY`, `gst.STATE_PAUSED` and `gst.STATE_PLAYING`.
            :type state: :class:`gst.State`
            :rtype: :class:`True` if successfull, else :class:`False`
            """
            self._target_state = state
            result = self._playbin.set_state(state)
            gst_logger.debug('State change to %s: result=%s', state.value_name,
                             result.value_name)

            if result == gst.STATE_CHANGE_FAILURE:
                logger.warning(
                    'Setting GStreamer state to %s failed', state.value_name)
                return False
            # TODO: at this point we could already emit stopped event instead
            # of faking it in the message handling when result=OK
            return True

        # TODO: bake this into setup appsrc perhaps?
        def set_metadata(self, track):
            """
            Set track metadata for currently playing song.

            Only needs to be called by sources such as `appsrc` which do not
            already inject tags in playbin, e.g. when using :meth:`emit_data` to
            deliver raw audio data to GStreamer.

            :param track: the current track
            :type track: :class:`mopidy.models.Track`
            """
            taglist = gst.TagList()
            artists = [a for a in (track.artists or []) if a.name]

            # Default to blank data to trick shoutcast into clearing any previous
            # values it might have.
            taglist[gst.TAG_ARTIST] = ' '
            taglist[gst.TAG_TITLE] = ' '
            taglist[gst.TAG_ALBUM] = ' '

            if artists:
                taglist[gst.TAG_ARTIST] = ', '.join([a.name for a in artists])

            if track.name:
                taglist[gst.TAG_TITLE] = track.name

            if track.album and track.album.name:
                taglist[gst.TAG_ALBUM] = track.album.name

            event = gst.event_new_tag(taglist)
            # TODO: check if we get this back on our own bus?
            self._playbin.send_event(event)
            gst_logger.debug('Sent tag event: track=%s', track.uri)

        def get_current_tags(self):
            """
            Get the currently playing media's tags.

            If no tags have been found, or nothing is playing this returns an empty
            dictionary. For each set of tags we collect a tags_changed event is
            emitted with the keys of the changes tags. After such calls users may
            call this function to get the updated values.

            :rtype: {key: [values]} dict for the current media.
            """
            # TODO: should this be a (deep) copy? most likely yes
            # TODO: should we return None when stopped?
            # TODO: support only fetching keys we care about?
            return self._tags