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# LLVM 3.4 Release Notes

- Introduction
- Non-comprehensive list of changes in this release
  - Mips Target
  - PowerPC Target
  - SPARC Target
  - SystemZ/s390x Backend
- External Open Source Projects Using LLVM 3.4
  - DXR
  - LDC - the LLVM-based D compiler
  - LibBeauty
  - Likely
  - Portable Computing Language (pocl)
  - Portable Native Client (PNaCl)
  - TTA-based Co-design Environment (TCE)
  - WebCL Validator
- Additional Information

## Introduction

This document contains the release notes for the LLVM Compiler Infrastructure, release 3.4. Here we describe the status of LLVM, including major improvements from the previous release, improvements in various subprojects of LLVM, and some of the current users of the code. All LLVM releases may be downloaded from the LLVM releases web site.

For more information about LLVM, including information about the latest release, please check out the main LLVM web site. If you have questions or comments, the LLVM Developer’s Mailing List is a good place to send them.

Note that if you are reading this file from a Subversion checkout or the main LLVM web page, this document applies to the next release, not the current one. To see the release notes for a specific release, please see the releases page.

## Non-comprehensive list of changes in this release

- This is expected to be the last release of LLVM which compiles using a C++98 toolchain. We expect to start using some C++11 features in LLVM and other sub-projects starting after this release. That said, we are committed to supporting a reasonable set of modern C++ toolchains as the host compiler on all of the platforms. This will at least include Visual Studio 2012 on Windows, and Clang 3.1 or GCC 4.7.x on Mac and Linux. The final set of compilers (and the C++11 features they support) is not set in stone, but we wanted users of LLVM to have a heads up that the next release will involve a substantial change in the host toolchain requirements.

- The regression tests now fail if any command in a pipe fails. To disable it in a directory, just add `config.pipefail = False` to its `lit.local.cfg`. See Lit for the details.

- Support for exception handling has been removed from the old JIT. Use MCJIT if you need EH support.

- The R600 backend is not marked experimental anymore and is built by default.

- `APFloat::isNormal()` was renamed to `APFloat::isFiniteNonZero()` and `APFloat::isIEEENormal()` was renamed to `APFloat::isNormal()`. This ensures that `APFloat::isNormal()` conforms to IEEE-754R-2008.

- The library call simplification pass has been removed. Its functionality has been integrated into the instruction combiner and function attribute marking passes.

- Support for building using Visual Studio 2008 has been dropped. Use VS 2010 or later instead. For more information, see the Getting Started using Visual Studio page.

- The Loop Vectorizer that was previously enabled for `-O3` is now enabled for `-Os` and `-O2`.

- The new SLP Vectorizer is now enabled by default.

- `llvm-ar` now uses the new Object library and produces archives and symbol tables in the gnu format.

- FileCheck now allows specifing `-check-prefix` multiple times. This helps reduce duplicate check lines when using multiple RUN lines.

- The bitcast instruction no longer allows casting between pointers

    with different address spaces. To achieve this, use the new addrspacecast instruction.

- Different sized pointers for different address spaces should now generally work. This is primarily useful for GPU targets.

- OCaml bindings have been significantly extended to cover almost all of the LLVM libraries.

### Mips Target

Support for the MIPS SIMD Architecture (MSA) has been added. MSA is supported through inline assembly, intrinsics with the prefix ‘`__builtin_msa`‘, and normal code generation.

For more information on MSA (including documentation for the instruction set), see the MIPS SIMD page at Imagination Technologies

### PowerPC Target

Changes in the PowerPC backend include:

- fast-isel support (for faster `-O0` code generation)
- many improvements to the builtin assembler
- support for generating unaligned (Altivec) vector loads
- support for generating the fcpsgn instruction
- generate `frin` for `round()` (not `nearbyint()` and `rint()`, which had been done only in fast-math mode)
- improved instruction scheduling for embedded cores (such as the A2)
- improved prologue/epilogue generation (especially in 32-bit mode)
- support for dynamic stack alignment (and dynamic stack allocations with large alignments)
- improved generation of counter-register-based loops
- bug fixes

### SPARC Target

The SPARC backend got many improvements, namely

- experimental SPARC V9 backend
- JIT support for SPARC
- fp128 support
- exception handling
- TLS support
- leaf functions optimization
- bug fixes

### SystemZ/s390x Backend

LLVM and clang can now optimize for zEnterprise z196 and zEnterprise EC12 targets. In clang these targets are selected using `-march=z196` and `-march=zEC12` respectively.

## External Open Source Projects Using LLVM 3.4

An exciting aspect of LLVM is that it is used as an enabling technology for a lot of other language and tools projects. This section lists some of the projects that have already been updated to work with LLVM 3.4.

### DXR

DXR is Mozilla’s code search and navigation tool, aimed at making sense of large projects like Firefox. It supports full-text and regex searches as well as structural queries like “Find all the callers of this function.” Behind the scenes, it uses a custom trigram index, the re2 library, and structural data collected by a clang compiler plugin.

### LDC - the LLVM-based D compiler

D is a language with C-like syntax and static typing. It pragmatically combines efficiency, control, and modeling power, with safety and programmer productivity. D supports powerful concepts like Compile-Time Function Execution (CTFE) and Template Meta-Programming, provides an innovative approach to concurrency and offers many classical paradigms.

LDC uses the frontend from the reference compiler combined with LLVM as backend to produce efficient native code. LDC targets x86/x86_64 systems like Linux, OS X, FreeBSD and Windows and also Linux/PPC64. Ports to other architectures like ARM and AArch64 are underway.

### LibBeauty

The LibBeauty decompiler and reverse engineering tool currently utilises the LLVM disassembler and the LLVM IR Builder. The current aim of the project is to take a x86_64 binary `.o` file as input, and produce an equivalent LLVM IR `.bc` or `.ll` file as output. Support for ARM binary `.o` file as input will be added later.

### Likely

Likely is an open source domain specific language for image recognition. Algorithms are just-in-time compiled using LLVM’s MCJIT infrastructure to execute on single or multi-threaded CPUs as well as OpenCL SPIR or CUDA enabled GPUs. Likely exploits the observation that while image processing and statistical learning kernels must be written generically to handle any matrix datatype, at runtime they tend to be executed repeatedly on the same type.

### Portable Computing Language (pocl)

In addition to producing an easily portable open source OpenCL implementation, another major goal of pocl is improving performance portability of OpenCL programs with compiler optimizations, reducing the need for target-dependent manual optimizations. An important part of pocl is a set of LLVM passes used to statically parallelize multiple work-items with the kernel compiler, even in the presence of work-group barriers. This enables static parallelization of the fine-grained static concurrency in the work groups in multiple ways.

### Portable Native Client (PNaCl)

Portable Native Client (PNaCl) is a Chrome initiative to bring the performance and low-level control of native code to modern web browsers, without sacrificing the security benefits and portability of web applications. PNaCl works by compiling native C and C++ code to an intermediate representation using the LLVM clang compiler. This intermediate representation is a subset of LLVM bytecode that is wrapped into a portable executable, which can be hosted on a web server like any other website asset. When the site is accessed, Chrome fetches and translates the portable executable into an architecture-specific machine code optimized directly for the underlying device. PNaCl lets developers compile their code once to run on any hardware platform and embed their PNaCl application in any website, enabling developers to directly leverage the power of the underlying CPU and GPU.

### TTA-based Co-design Environment (TCE)

TCE is a toolset for designing new exposed datapath processors based on the Transport triggered architecture (TTA). The toolset provides a complete co-design flow from C/C++ programs down to synthesizable VHDL/Verilog and parallel program binaries. Processor customization points include the register files, function units, supported operations, and the interconnection network.

TCE uses Clang and LLVM for C/C++/OpenCL C language support, target independent optimizations and also for parts of code generation. It generates new LLVM-based code generators “on the fly” for the designed processors and loads them in to the compiler backend as runtime libraries to avoid per-target recompilation of larger parts of the compiler chain.

### WebCL Validator

WebCL Validator implements validation for WebCL C language which is a subset of OpenCL ES 1.1. Validator checks the correctness of WebCL C, and implements memory protection for it as a source-2-source transformation. The transformation converts WebCL to memory protected OpenCL. The protected OpenCL cannot access any memory ranges which were not allocated for it, and its memory is always initialized to prevent information leakage from other programs.

## Additional Information

A wide variety of additional information is available on the LLVM web page, in particular in the documentation section. The web page also contains versions of the API documentation which is up-to-date with the Subversion version of the source code. You can access versions of these documents specific to this release by going into the `llvm/docs/` directory in the LLVM tree.

If you have any questions or comments about LLVM, please feel free to contact us via the mailing lists.

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