# Internationalization (Using Japanese, Korean, etc.)

xfig 3.2.X and fig2dev 3.2.X include code for internationalization, and it is possible to put characters of Japanese and some another languages in texts. At now, it is known to worked under Japanese and Korean.

Additional informations about this may available at http://member.nifty.ne.jp/tsato/xfig/. Send any questions or comments about this internationalization facility to VEF00200@nifty.ne.jp (T.Sato).

- Environment
- Installation
  - Install xfig
  - Install fig2dev
- Startup
- Entering Text
- Customization
  - Changing Display Fonts
  - Changing Fonts on PostScript Output
  - Setting Resources
- Notes
- Tested Environments

## Environment

To use this internationalization facility, you must have following environment:

- Library and X Server of X11R5 or X11R6.
  (They must be appropriately internationalized and they must be possible to connect to the input method. Use of X11R6 is recommended.)

- Appropriate conversion server (Canna or Wnn, for example), and an input method (kinput2 or htt, for example). These facilities may be implemented as a single program.

- Fonts for the language (`jiskan16` for Japanese, for example)

## Installation

### Install xfig

1. Get xfig.3.2.5c.tar.gz and gunzip and untar it.

2. Uncomment "`#define I18N`" in `xfig.3.2.5c/Imakefile` (remove the `XCOMM` comment).

3. If your C library supports the required locale, remove `-DSETLOCALE` from the definition of `I18N_DEFS` in the `Imakefile`. If your C library doesn't support the required locale, make sure that `-DSETLOCALE` is specified.

4. Compile and install xfig in the usual way.

### Install fig2dev

1. Get transfig.3.2.5e.tar.gz and gunzip and untar it.

2. Uncomment "`#define I18N`" in `transfig.3.2.5e/fig2dev/Imakefile` (remove the `XCOMM` comment).

3. If you want to install files like `japanese.ps` to a directory other than `/usr/local/lib/fig2dev`, modify the definition of `FIG2DEV_LIBDIR` and `I18N_DEV_DEFS` in the `Imakefile`.

4. Compile and install TransFig (fig2dev) in the usual way.

## Startup

1. Set the locale name for the language to be used (such as `ja_JP.eucJP` or `ko_KR.eucKR`, for example) to the environment variable `LANG`.

2. If it is necessary, set the environment variable `XMODIFIERS` to specify the input method to be used.

3. Make sure that the appropriate conversion server (Canna or Wnn, for example) and an input method (kinput2 or htt, for example) is available.

4. Type "`xfig -international`".

   Without the `-international` option, xfig will work as normal (no internationalization). If you put "`Fig.international: true`" into your resource file, `-international` option may omitted.

   N.B. If you run fig2dev standalone you must use the `-j` option to enable internationalization.

## Entering Text

Using this internationalization facility, you may enter text in Japanese or some another languages (henceforce, call "international text") with the TEXT facility. When entering international text, "Times-Roman" or "Times-Bold" (may be displayed as "Times-Roman + Mincho" and "Times-Bold + Gothic" in Japanese environment) must be selected as TEXT FONT.

Input of international text will be started by typing a key to switch the input mode when it is ready to input text from the keyboard in TEXT mode. It depend on the environment as to which key will switch the input mode, but keys such as `Shift-SPACE`, `Control-SPACE`, `Control-O`, or `Control-\` may be used in many cases. Operations for conversion also depend on the environment, but will be the same as other applications which use the environment.

The input style may be selected from Off the Spot, Over the Spot, and Root. The input style to be used may be selected with the `inputStyle` resource or the `-inputStyle` option. For example, `xfig -international -inputStyle OverTheSpot` will select Over the Spot as the input style.

Off the Spot:
  The text under conversion will be displayed at the bottom of the canvas.

Over the Spot:
  The text under conversion will be displayed at the position where it will end up. But the display may be somewhat strange because it will be displayed with a different font. Also, it may lead to somewhat unusual behavior, or the display on the canvas may get confused.

Root:
  The text under conversion will displayed in a separate window.

## Customization

### Changing Display Fonts

By default, fonts to be used on the display (hardcoded in the program) is very loosely specified so that those fonts can found on any systems:

        Fig.normalFontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
    	 -*-*-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
    	 -*-*-*-r-*--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
        Fig.boldFontSet: -*-times-bold-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
    	 -*-*-bold-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
    	 -*-*-*-r-*--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

With this default specification, non-desirable fonts may loaded (bad appearance of texts or long delay when starting of xfig may caused as the result, for example) on some systems. In such case, you may need to specify those fonts more definitive in the resource file (`app-defaults/Fig`) and force the system to load the specified font:

        Fig*FontSet: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
        Fig.normalFontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
            -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
        Fig.boldFontSet: -*-times-bold-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
            -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--14-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

If scalable fonts are available (when X server which support scalable fonts like X-TrueType Server is in use, for example) appearance of text may improved by specifying large fonts, as:

        Fig*FontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
            -foobar-mincho-medium-r-normal--16-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
        Fig.normalFontSet: -*-times-medium-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
            -foobar-mincho-medium-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*
        Fig.boldFontSet: -*-times-bold-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*,\
            -foobar-gothic-medium-r-normal--64-*-*-*-*-*-*-*

### Changing Fonts on PostScript Output

Fonts used when generating PostScript output are specified in the files like `japanese.ps` in fig2dev package, and it is possible to change them by modifying those files.

#### Japanese

By default, `Ryumin-Light` and `GothicBBB-Medium` will used if they are available, and `HeiseiMin-W3` and `HeiseiKakuGo-W5` otherwise.

Locale name can one of `japanese`, `ja`, `ja_JP`, `ja_JP.ujis`, `ja_JP.eucJP` and `ja_JP.EUC`.

#### Korean

By default, `Munhwa-Regular` and `MunhwaGothic-Bold` will used if they are available, and `HLaTeX-Myoungjo-Regular` and `HLaTeX-Gothic-Regular` otherwise.

Locale name can one of `korean`, `ko`, `ko_KR`, `ko_KR.ujis`, `ko_KR.eucKR` and `ko_KR.EUC`.

#### Another Languages

Because configuration file for languages other than Japanese and Korean is not prepared, you must make the file for the language and available fonts.

The file must installed into the directory specified when fig2dev is installed. The filename must locale name followed by "`.ps`". For example, if locale name is `zh_CN.eucCN`, the filename must `zh_CN.eucCN.ps`.

### Setting Resources

X Window System has mechanism to load locale-specific resource file to support internationalization (localization) of applications. With this mechanism, it is possible to make suitable settings for the language without specifying options when executing the application. To make xfig works properly for multiple languages, it may be necessary to make suitable settings using this mechanism.

In the default configuration of X11R6, if there is a resource file like `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/locale/app-defaults/Fig` (here, `locale` is locale name or its "language part"), it will be loaded instead of `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/Fig`. Therefore, if you wrote setting for Japanese environment in `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/ja/app-defaults/Fig`, the setting for Japanese environment will be used when environment variable `LANG` is set to `ja_JP.eucJP` or so, and default setting in `/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/Fig` will be used otherwise.

## Notes

- When entering international text, you must select "Times-Roman" or "Times-Bold" (may be displayed as "Times-Roman + Mincho" and "Times-Bold + Gothic" in Japanese environment) as the TEXT FONT. If any other font is selected, Latin-1 characters will be available as in normal xfig.

- It is not possible to edit international text in the Edit Panel. But it is possible to edit text on the canvas in TEXT mode.

- When specifying `international` resource, you should specify as "`Fig.international: true`" but not "`Fig*international: true`".

- Use EUC for encoding of multi-byte text. You may need to set locale (environment variable `LANG`) appropriately for your system. On some systems, `japanese` may select non-EUC encoding.

- In Japanese environments, text may include only ASCII and JIS-X-0208 characters. If the environment supports it, it may be possible to enter characters of JIS-X-0201 kana characters or JIS-X-0212 (supplement kanji), but fig2dev will not accept those characters.

- Regrettably, making xfig 3.2.X's Japanese entering feature available may difficult on many X11R5 systems. It is known to work on Japanese Solaris 2's OpenWindows and Solaris CDE, but unknown about another X11R5-based systems.

## Tested Environments

At this time, xfig's international facility has been successfully worked on the following environments.

### Japanese

Operating System | X | Input Method
--- | --- | ---
SunOS 4.1 | X11R6 | kinput2
Solaris 2.5 | X11R6 | kinput2
Solaris 2.5-2.6 | OpenWindows, CDE | htt, ATOK
HP-UX 10.20 | X11R6 | kinput2
IRIX 6.3* | X11R6 | kinput2
FreeBSD 2.2 | XFree86 | kinput2
Slackware Linux 3.1 | XFree86 | kinput2
RedHat Linux 4.2, 5.2 | XFree86 | kinput2
Debian GNU/Linux 2.x | XFree86 | kinput2, skkinput

> * On IRIX 6.3, you may need to compile xfig with IRIX's genuine `cc` (not with `gcc`), specifying compile option `-N32 -mips3`. Also, you may need to get source of JPEG library and compile it yourself, to avoid using JPEG library distributed with IRIX.

### Korean

Operating System | X | Input Method
--- | --- | ---
RedHat Linux 5.2, 6.0 | XFree86 | hanIM, ami

SEE ALSO:
  Hangul and Internet in Korea FAQ
  Hangul and Printing

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