#!/usr/bin/python2
#
# Peteris Krumins (peter@catonmat.net)
# http://www.catonmat.net  --  good coders code, great reuse
#
# A Google Python library:
# http://www.catonmat.net/blog/python-library-for-google-search/
#
# Code is licensed under MIT license.
#
# Copyright (c) 2009 Peteris Krumins
#
#    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
#    Obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
#    Files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
#    Restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
#    Copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
#    Copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
#    Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
#    Conditions:
#
#    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
#    Included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
#    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
#    EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
#    OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
#    NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
#    HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
#    WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
#    FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
#    OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

import re
import urllib
from htmlentitydefs import name2codepoint
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup

from browser import Browser, BrowserError

class SearchError(Exception):
    """
    Base class for Google Search exceptions.
    """
    pass

class ParseError(SearchError):
    """
    Parse error in Google results.
    self.msg attribute contains explanation why parsing failed
    self.tag attribute contains BeautifulSoup object with the most relevant tag that failed to parse
    Thrown only in debug mode
    """
     
    def __init__(self, msg, tag):
        self.msg = msg
        self.tag = tag

    def __str__(self):
        return self.msg

    def html(self):
        return self.tag.prettify()

class SearchResult:
    def __init__(self, title, url, desc):
        self.title = title
        self.url = url
        self.desc = desc

    def __str__(self):
        return 'Google Search Result: "%s"' % self.title

class GoogleSearch(object):
    SEARCH_URL_0 = "http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%(query)s&btnG=Google+Search"
    NEXT_PAGE_0 = "http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%(query)s&start=%(start)d"
    SEARCH_URL_1 = "http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%(query)s&num=%(num)d&btnG=Google+Search"
    NEXT_PAGE_1 = "http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=%(query)s&num=%(num)d&start=%(start)d"

    def __init__(self, query, random_agent=False, debug=False):
        self.query = query
        self.debug = debug
        self.browser = Browser(debug=debug)
        self.results_info = None
        self.eor = False # end of results
        self._page = 0
        self._results_per_page = 10
        self._last_from = 0

        if random_agent:
            self.browser.set_random_user_agent()

    @property
    def num_results(self):
        if not self.results_info:
            page = self._get_results_page()
            self.results_info = self._extract_info(page)
            if self.results_info['total'] == 0:
                self.eor = True
        return self.results_info['total']

    def _get_page(self):
        return self._page

    def _set_page(self, page):
        self._page = page

    page = property(_get_page, _set_page)

    def _get_results_per_page(self):
        return self._results_per_page

    def _set_results_par_page(self, rpp):
        self._results_per_page = rpp

    results_per_page = property(_get_results_per_page, _set_results_par_page)

    def get_results(self):
        """ Gets a page of results """
        if self.eor:
            return []

        page = self._get_results_page()
        search_info = self._extract_info(page)
        if not self.results_info:
            self.results_info = search_info
            if self.num_results == 0:
                self.eor = True
                return []
        results = self._extract_results(page)
        if not results:
            self.eor = True
            return []
        if self._page > 0 and search_info['from'] == self._last_from:
            self.eor = True
            return []
        if search_info['to'] == search_info['total']:
            self.eor = True
        self._page += 1
        self._last_from = search_info['from']
        return results

    def _maybe_raise(self, cls, *arg):
        if self.debug:
            raise cls(*arg)

    def _get_results_page(self):
        if self._page == 0:
            if self._results_per_page == 10:
                url = GoogleSearch.SEARCH_URL_0
            else:
                url = GoogleSearch.SEARCH_URL_1
        else:
            if self._results_per_page == 10:
                url = GoogleSearch.NEXT_PAGE_0
            else:
                url = GoogleSearch.NEXT_PAGE_1

        safe_url = url % { 'query': urllib.quote_plus(self.query),
                           'start': self._page * self._results_per_page,
                           'num': self._results_per_page }

        try:
            page = self.browser.get_page(safe_url)
        except BrowserError, e:
            raise SearchError, "Failed getting %s: %s" % (e.url, e.error)

        return BeautifulSoup(page)

    def _extract_info(self, soup):
        empty_info = {'from': 0, 'to': 0, 'total': 0}
        div_ssb = soup.find('div', id='ssb')
        if not div_ssb:
            self._maybe_raise(ParseError, "Div with number of results was not found on Google search page", soup)
            return empty_info
        p = div_ssb.find('p')
        if not p:
            self._maybe_raise(ParseError, """<p> tag within <div id="ssb"> was not found on Google search page""", soup)
            return empty_info
        txt = ''.join(p.findAll(text=True))
        txt = txt.replace(',', '')
        matches = re.search(r'Results (\d+) - (\d+) of (?:about )?(\d+)', txt, re.U)
        if not matches:
            return empty_info
        return {'from': int(matches.group(1)), 'to': int(matches.group(2)), 'total': int(matches.group(3))}

    def _extract_results(self, soup):
        results = soup.findAll('li', {'class': 'g'})
        ret_res = []
        for result in results:
            eres = self._extract_result(result)
            if eres:
                ret_res.append(eres)
        return ret_res

    def _extract_result(self, result):
        title, url = self._extract_title_url(result)
        desc = self._extract_description(result)
        if not title or not url or not desc:
            return None
        return SearchResult(title, url, desc)

    def _extract_title_url(self, result):
        #title_a = result.find('a', {'class': re.compile(r'\bl\b')})
        title_a = result.find('a')
        if not title_a:
            self._maybe_raise(ParseError, "Title tag in Google search result was not found", result)
            return None, None
        title = ''.join(title_a.findAll(text=True))
        title = self._html_unescape(title)
        url = title_a['href']
        match = re.match(r'/url\?q=(http[^&]+)&', url)
        if match:
            url = urllib.unquote(match.group(1))
        return title, url

    def _extract_description(self, result):
        desc_div = result.find('div', {'class': re.compile(r'\bs\b')})
        if not desc_div:
            self._maybe_raise(ParseError, "Description tag in Google search result was not found", result)
            return None

        desc_strs = []
        def looper(tag):
            if not tag: return
            for t in tag:
                try:
                    if t.name == 'br': break
                except AttributeError:
                    pass

                try:
                    desc_strs.append(t.string)
                except AttributeError:
                    desc_strs.append(t)

        looper(desc_div)
        looper(desc_div.find('wbr')) # BeautifulSoup does not self-close <wbr>

        desc = ''.join(s for s in desc_strs if s)
        return self._html_unescape(desc)

    def _html_unescape(self, str):
        def entity_replacer(m):
            entity = m.group(1)
            if entity in name2codepoint:
                return unichr(name2codepoint[entity])
            else:
                return m.group(0)

        def ascii_replacer(m):
            cp = int(m.group(1))
            if cp <= 255:
                return unichr(cp)
            else:
                return m.group(0)

        s =    re.sub(r'&#(\d+);',  ascii_replacer, str, re.U)
        return re.sub(r'&([^;]+);', entity_replacer, s, re.U)

